Composition of matter



'50 other cases the proportion of plumbago and PHILIP n. HOLMES, orGARDINER,

MAIN E, ASSIGNOR TO THE HOLMES FIBRE- GRAPHITE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OFCHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

COMPOSITION OF MATTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 482,176, dated SeApplication filed January 2, 1892. Serial No. 416,855. (No specimens.)

" To all whom it may concern:

Be itknown thatI, PHILIP HENRY HOLMES, a citizen of the United S :ates,and a resident of Gardiner, Ken-nebec county,'Maine, have inventedanl'mproved Composition of Matter,

of .which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of a composition of matter of which plumbagois thebase, the composition being applicable for use as a bearing,

[0 packing, projectile guide or ring, and in any place where two partscome into frictional contact, and it can also be used as a conductorofelectricity and in other cases where. plumbago is required in asolidified or molded shape.

The object of my present invention is to produce a composition that.will be as free as possible from other substances, except carbon. Thecomposition consists of plumbago, carbonizable fiber, and carbonizableliquid. molded 2o dried, and heated to such an extent as to earbonizethe fiber and liquid. v

I carry out my invention in substantially the following manner: I firstta-ke plumbago (by preference finely-divided plumbago) and float it, soas to obtain as pure an article as possible, although for some uses acom moner grade of plumbago may be used, according to the pprpose forwhich the article is intended. I th'eninix the plumbago with acarbonizable 3o fiber-such as wood fiber-in a pulpy condition, theobject of reducing the wood fiber to a pulp being to separate the fiber,so that it will become finely divided and intimately mixed with theplumbago. The pulp and plumbago are mixed in a liquid, (preferablyWater,) so as to form a pasty mass, and to thismixture is added aquantity of finely-divided granular mineral substance, whiph serves withthe fiber as a filtering medium when the 40 mass is compressed in themold to drive off the water. The granular mineral substance which Iprefer to use is an inert material, such as gypsum, which material Ihave used with success, although it will be understood that othergranular mineral substances will accomplish the purpose. The proportionof plumbago to fiber will vary considerably, as for some purposes theproportion of plumbago will greatly exceed the fiber, while in erablywhich and the water or in the mold. The

is preferable that position.

swer the purpose. the oiled article in fiber may be equal or nearlyequal. The inert granular mineral su a filtering medium to the characteran compound is introduc perforations to allow liquid and provided wpressing the material .terial is compressed to then removed from themold an hot, the mass being more or les oil, depending upon the ehara Itwill be under or varnish which can be c sullicient temperat oil into theinters The molded and 0i duced is then placed in oven in order to subprocess of carboniz free contact with air.

other ptember 6, 1892.

bstance is added to act as and may vary according (1 form of the mold.

ed intoa mold having for the escape of the ith a plunger for com- -inthe mold. I pump the material into the mold, after the plunger is forcedin until the mathe degree required liquid is driven 01f from thecomposition through the perforations The pref-' compressed compositionis (1 dried, so as to expel all of the moisture therefrom, and is thenimmersed in a bathof a izable liquidsuch as oil-and allowed to remainuntil itis impregnated the oil, and to facilitate this impregnation itsuitable carbonor saturated with the bath of oil should he s saturatedwith cter of the comstood that any oil arbonized will an- It ispreferable to place a closed vessel heated to a urc to assist in drivingthe tices of the composition. led composition thus pro- So a suitableretort or ject the com pound to the ation, preferably out of Thecompound is there by changed into a tough coherent mass contaiuing anexcess of plui to cohere by the doubl or structural carbon bonization ofthe car deposited carbon der tion of the oil or 0th nbago, which iscaused e action of the fibrous derived from the carbonizable liber andthe ived from the carbonizaor suitable carbonizable liquid, which wasincorporated with the mixture prior to carbonization and w a binder forthe mass.

bonization of the comp greatly upon the use for which the intended, asin some cases it may be preferable to carbonizc only a portion of thecompound, while in other 0: able to carbonize the entire mass. poundthus produced makes an excellent bearing, but is also a good conductorof e depend same is ises it will be prefer- The comlectricity,

e I 4s2,1-re

as the oil andfiber have been converted into electric-conducting carbon;In someinstances it may be desirable to merely carbonize the fiber, andin this case the heat is carried to 5 such an extent as to carbonize thefiber and not carbonize the main body of carbonizable liquid. i

I claim as my inventionv, p r 1. A composition of matter consisting of10 p'lumbago, carbonized fiber, and abinder,substantially as specified.i 2. A composition 0% matter consisting of plumbago combined withstructural and deposited carbon, substantially as described. 15 3. Theprocess herein described of making e; plumbago and carbon compound, saidprocess consisting,- essentially, in, first, mixing plumbago and fiber;second, subjecting the mass co-pressure; third, drying the mass; fourth,immersing it in oil, and, finally, baking the mass to 'carbonize the oiland fiber, substantially as set forth;

In testimony whereof I havje signed my name to this specification in thepresence of I p PHILIP H. HOLMES.

Witnesses:

, EUGENE 'ELTERIQH, HENRY HowsoN;

